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World War II
World War II montage image
Clockwise from top: Allied landing on Normandy beaches on D-Day, the gate of a Nazi concentration camp at Auschwitz, Red Army soldiers raising the Soviet flag over the Reichstag in Berlin, the Nagasaki atom bomb, and German police entering Austria.
DateSeptember 1, 1939 – September 2, 1945
LocationEurope, Pacific, South-East Asia, Middle East, Mediterranean and Africa
ResultAllied victory. Creation of the United Nations. Emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as superpowers. Creation of First World and Second World spheres of influence in Europe leading to the Cold War.
Combatants
Allied powers:
China
France
Great Britain
Soviet Union
United States
et al.		Axis powers:
Germany
Italy
Japan
et al.
Commanders
Chiang Kai-shek
Charles de Gaulle
Winston Churchill
Joseph Stalin
Franklin Roosevelt
et al.		Adolf Hitler
Benito Mussolini
Hirohito
et al.
Casualties
Military dead:
Over 14,000,000

Civilian dead:
Over 36,000,000
Total dead:
Over 50,000,000

Military dead:
Over 8,000,000

Civilian dead:
Over 4,000,000
Total dead
Over 12,000,000

Campaigns and theatres of World War II
Europe
Poland  – Phony War – Denmark & Norway  – France & Benelux – Britain  – Eastern Front – North West Europe (1944–45)

Asian and Pacific
China – Pacific Ocean – South-East Asia – South West Pacific – Japan – Manchuria

Middle East, Mediterranean and Africa
Mediterranean Sea – East Africa – North Africa – West Africa – Balkans (1939-41) – Middle East – Yugoslavia – Madagascar – Italy

Other
Atlantic – Strategic bombing – North America – Arctic – Antarctica – Caribbean – Australia

Contemporary wars
Chinese Civil – Soviet-Japanese Border – Finland – French-Thai – Anglo-Iraqi – Greek Civil – Sino-Japanese – Ecuadorian-Peruvian

World War II (abbreviated WWII), or the Second World War, was a worldwide conflict which lasted from 1939 to 1945. World War II was the amalgamation of two conflicts, one starting in Asia as the Second Sino-Japanese War, and the other beginning in Europe with the Invasion of Poland.

This global conflict split a majority of the world's nations into two opposing camps: the Allies and the Axis. Spanning much of the globe, World War II resulted in the deaths of over 60 million people, making it the deadliest conflict in human history.

World War II was the most widespread war ever experienced, mobilizing over 100 million soldiers from 61 nations, with hostilities covering over 20 million km². Total war erased the distinction between civil and military resources and saw the complete mobilization of a nation's economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities for the purposes of the war effort; nearly two-thirds of those killed in the war were civilians.

As a result of World War II, the United States and Soviet Union emerged as the world's two leading superpowers, dominating the world's stage for the next 40 years. The dominance of Europe faded due to the rise of Asian, Arabian, and eventually African decolonization/independence movements, which was roughly complete by the 1960s. Paradoxically, while World War II was probably the worst conflict in European history, it has led to a desire for unification in order to avoid future conflicts, which has transformed the difficult process of reconstruction into an unprecedented opportunity for prosperity.